Posts in category: RNA-directed DNA methylation

Cytosis, a cell biology game for ages 10+ links ATP to viral latency and the protection of all organized genomes from the virus-driven degradation of messenger RNA that serious scientists have linked to all pathology.
It is time for a new measure of cell function: Quantifying Cellular ATP Production Rate…(2018)

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the most common high energy intermediate of living organisms. Cells utilize the energy derived from the breakdown of cellular fuels to synthesize ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate. The free energy released from ATP hydrolysis is then used to sustain various cellular functions such as growth, movement, and response to the environment. Mammalian cells tightly regulate production and consumption of ATP – i.e. supply and demand are balanced to maintain intracellular ATP levels quite constant. Therefore, measuring the rate of ATP production enables a view into cellular function that is not provided by simply measuring the amount of ATP in the cell. The Agilent Seahorse XF Real-Time ATP Production Rate Assay quantifies ATP Production Rates from mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis in real time with live cells providing a unique insight into cellular phenotype and function.

See also: Ferrick DA Remember that ATP does not create itself. The creation of ATP and the creation of RNA are energy-dependent and biophysically constrained by the anti-entropic virucidal energy of sunlight.
For example: Assessment of drug-induced mitochondrial dysfunction via altered cellular respiration and acidification measured in a 96-well platform

…respiration and acidification changes upon addition of the thiazoldinediones were cell-type specific, with the rank order of mitochondrial impairment in whole cells being in accord with the known adverse effects of these drugs.

Cell-type specific drugs alter the mitochodrial production of ATP, which alters the production of RNA via changes in the potential of hydrogen (pH).
See also:  Analysis and interpretation of microplate-based oxygen consumption and pH data

…this chapter also provides a detailed accounting of proton production during glucose oxidation in the context of plate-based assays.

Difference in proton production link differences in the energy of photons from the proton motive force and proton gradients to energy-dependent RNA-mediated cell type differentiation.
Pseudoscientists and other theorists complain about so-called predatory publishing and use their complaints to attack anyone who does not “toe the line” of dogmatic consensus. See for example: OMICS Publishing Group
See also: Prominent Cell Biologist Fired After Data Manipulation Investigation

The University of Tokyo confirmed last August that Yoshinori Watanabe tampered with research-related images, and dismissed him in late April.

In 2015, his group stomped on the toes of biologically uninformed theorists. The group published:
The inner centromere–shugoshin network prevents chromosomal instability

Artificial restoration of the ICS network suppresses chromosome segregation errors in a wide range of CIN+ cells, including RB- and BRCA1-deficient cells. Thus, dysfunction of the ICS network might be a key mechanism underlying CIN in human tumorigenesis.

Food energy-dependent RNA-interference has since emerged as an effective treatment for all chromosomal instability, which appears to be caused by the virus-driven theft of quantized energy.
Additional details about energy-dependent healthy longevity will be found in the Science Behind the Game Subatomic which will link biophysically constrained viral latency from Cytosis to all biophysically constrained biodiversity via what organisms eat and the physiology of their pheromone-controlled reproduction.
See also: New EU-wide tests to tackle ‘food apartheid’

…recent comparisons of food samples showed that big Western brands use cheaper ingredients in products sold in former communist countries.

The cheaper ingredients could alter the innate immunity of human populations in former Communist countries, where God-less Communism was supported by ridiculous theories.
See: Darwinian Theory Proved by Video Game? Robert J. Marks Begs to Differ (2017)

We’ve begun developing support materials for teachers and students to help them use ‘Darwin’s Demons’ to demonstrate and teach evolutionary concepts.

A National Science Foundation grant for evolution studies helped pay for the project.

Conclusion:

Adaptation, if anything, demonstrates intelligent design, not Darwinism. Of course they won’t tell you that at the University of Idaho, or most anywhere else. Instead they’ll stick you in front of a video game and tell you the stale, old fable.

Ecological models of food energy-dependent pheromone-controlled biophysically constrained adaptations have replaced evolutionary concepts except within the school system of the US and other backward countries.
See: Israeli Middle Schools School to Include Theory of Evolution

…learning about evolution is not the primary function of the decision, but rather to use it as a building block for students to learn more about their ecology.

All serious scientist know the difference between evolution and adaptation.
See:  Are Evolution and Adaptation the Same? (2018)
The energy-dependent de novo creation of the cell links ATP to RNA biosynthesis and the physiology of reproduction via food odors and pheromones in the context of this board game.

Cytosis is a worker placement game that takes place inside a Human Cell! Players utilize the organelles within a cell to collect cellular resources such as mRNA from the Nucleus, Lipids from the Smooth E.R., ATP from the Mitochondria, etc. and score points when they use these resources to complete Hormones, Receptors or Enzymes!

It refutes neo-Darwinian pseudoscientific nonsense by starting with Darwin’s energy-dependent “conditions of life.”

Conditions of life are mediated by RNA interference. See also: RNA-Guided Human Genome Engineering