What the Man Described as ‘The Next Darwin’ Has to Say About God
Excerpts:
…this is a hypothesis, kind of like the multiverse theory. It’s getting a lot of press, but it doesn’t actually have any falsifiable claims yet. There’s absolutely no way to test it. At best, it’s a hypothesis, at worst, it’s really kind of a mathematical philosophy.
…life is an inevitable consequence of thermodynamics given the right conditions.
My comment: Hypotheses and mathematical philosophy have no explanatory power in the context of what is currently known about biologically-based cause and effect.
See: Scientific method: Defend the integrity of physics
Conclusion:
The imprimatur of science should be awarded only to a theory that is testable. Only then can we defend science from attack.
My comment: Given the right conditions, thermodynamic cycles of protein biosynthesis and degradation link the de novo creation of amino acids to the nutrient-dependent amino acid substitutions that differentiate the cell types of all genera via what is known about the biophysically constrained chemistry of RNA-mediated protein folding in the context of the physiology of reproduction. See for a 5.5 minute-long review of what was known in 2013.
Nutrient-dependent / Pheromone-controlled thermodynamics and thermoregulation
Natural selection for nutrients results in their metabolism to pheromones that control reproduction in species from microbes to man. In some species, sex differences in pheromones enable sexual selection. Using what is known about the molecular mechanisms common to species from microbes to man, an argument can be made from biological facts that extends to non-random nutrient-dependent pheromone-controlled adaptive evolution. This biological-based argument can be compared to arguments that might be made to support a cosmological / mathematical argument for random mutations theory.
The epigenetic effects of nutrients on intracellular signaling and stochastic gene expression appear to enable adaptive evolution of tightly controlled organism-level thermoregulation in mammals. Nutrient-dependent single amino acid substitutions and de novo protein biosynthesis exemplify the involvement of the seemingly futile thermodynamic control of intracellular and intermolecular interactions in microbes that result in stochastic gene expression.
Thermodynamically “futile” cycles of RNA transcription and degradation (Yap & Makeyev, 2013) may also be responsible for changes in pheromone production that enable accelerated changes in nutrient-dependent adaptive evolution controlled by the microRNA/messenger RNA (miRNA/mRNA) balance (see for review Meunier et al., 2013). Environmental cues, like those that signal the availability of glucose, appear to cause changes in the miRNA/mRNA balance that enable gene expression during developmental transitions required for successful nutrient-dependent reproduction in species from microbes (Park et al., 2010) to man (Jobe, McQuate, & Zhao, 2012).
See also: miRNA proxy approach reveals hidden functions of glycosylation reported as: Micro RNA Decoy Reveals Hidden Function of Glycosylation
Excerpt:
This work indicates that miRNA can act as a relatively simple proxy to decrypt which glycogenes, including those encoding difficult-to analyze structures (e.g., proteoglycans, glycolipids), are functionally important in a biological pathway, setting the stage for the rapid identification of glycosylation enzymes driving disease states.
My comment: This work supports a test of any theory about thermodynamics or organism-level thermoregulation. For example, a text of England’s mathematical philosophy would involve only one organism or one species with no source of nutrition. If evolution occurred, England could claim the representation of him as “The Next Darwin” was accurate. If evolution did not occur because the organism died or the species became extinct, Darwin’s theory would be protected from mathematical philosophies and other pseudoscientific nonsense by his inclusion of his “conditions of life.”
Theorists and philosophers seem unable to understand the fact that “conditions of life’ are nutrient-dependent. Nothing self-organizes in the absence of the sun’s biological energy. Nutrient-energy from the sun supports life by contributing to the organization of genomes via fixation of amino acid substitutions. The subsitutions differentiate all cell types of all individuals of all genera via their physiology of reproduction.
Where did the amino acids come from? See: Towards an evolutionary theory of the origin of life based on kinetics and thermodynamics and Common origins of RNA, protein and lipid precursors in a cyanosulfidic protometabolism, which was reported as:
Researchers may have solved origin-of-life conundrum.
Excerpt:
In the current issue of Nature Chemistry, Sutherland’s team reports that it created nucleic acid precursors starting with just hydrogen cyanide (HCN), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and ultraviolet (UV) light.
My comment: The common origins of RNA, protein, and lipid precursors that link cyanosulfidic protometabolism to the nutrient-dependent RNA-mediated metabolic networks and genetic networks of cell type differentiation via amino acid substitutions in all individuals of all genera is light!