The anti-entropic virucidal energy of sunlight on contact with water has been linked from the creation of ATP synthase to the creation of ATP and to the creation of RNA. Energy-dependent RNA-mediated DNA repair has been linked to biophysically constrained viral latency via the creation of microRNAs and feedback loops linked to the food energy-dependent microRNA-mediated physiology of reproduction. The physiology of energy-dependent pheromone-controlled reproduction biophysically constrains viral latency in the context of the creation of the innate immune system and autophagy.
See: miRNA regulation of innate immunity (4/14/18)
None of the facts about the energy-dependent creation of the microRNAs or the microRNA-mediated regulation of innate immunity are included in: The Transcription Factor Runx3 Establishes Chromatin Accessibility of cis-Regulatory Landscapes that Drive Memory Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Formation (4/17/18)
The regulatory landscape that drive memory cytotoxic T lymphocyte formation might just as well be framed in the context of magic or in the equally ridiculous context of gene-centric theories.
See this report: Your immune system holds the line against repeat invaders, thanks to this molecule
Runx3’s control of T cell differentiation is important because when our bodies fight off viruses and cancers—and our T cells burst into action—the vast majority tend to become effector cells. These effector cells are short-lived and do not persist once the infection resolves.
The control of all cell type differentiation is energy-dependent, RNA-mediated and biophysically constrained by the physiology of reproduction in all living genera. The cell biology game “Cytosis” for ages 10+ teaches the facts that link Schrödinger (1944) What is Life? to Schrödinger at 75 – The Future of Biology – September 2018
In 1944, Schrödinger wrote:
Indeed, in the case of higher animals we know the kind of orderliness they feed upon well enough, viz. the extremely well-ordered state of matter in more or less complicated organic compounds, which serve them as foodstuffs. After utilizing it they return it in a very much degraded form -not entirely degraded, however, for plants can still make use of it. (These, of course, have their most power supply of ‘negative entropy’ the sunlight.)
See for comparison (this gene-centric pseudoscientific nonsense): – Part I: FINDING THE CODE (Run time: 12:10) The race to sequence the human genome was also billed as a race to end disease. What happened?
– Part II: FIXING THE CODE (Run time: 13:07) CRISPR — and the promise and pain of gene therapy that came before it.
– Part III: SELLING THE CODE (Run time: 10:55) Genetic testing has moved out of the labs into the masses. But even with your genome in hand, what can you believe?
The gene-centric pseudoscientific nonsense does not start with the creation of energy. But every aspect of biophysically constrained life on Earth starts with the quantized energy-dependent creation of microRNAs. The epigenetically effected energy-dependent microRNA-mediated creation of the “Code” and the microRNA-mediated fixing of the “Code” is missing from the claims of biologically uninformed theorists who link beneficial mutations from natural selection to evolution. They have sold their gene-centric pseudoscientific nonsense to many people.
For example, some gene-centric biologically uninformed theorists share beliefs about abiogenesis for comparison to quantized energy-dependent microRNA biogenesis in articles like this: DNA Denaturing through UV-C Photon Dissipation: A Possible Route to Archean Non-enzymatic Replication
Conclusion:
Many of the fundamental molecules of life, those common to all three domains; bacteria, eukaryote, and archea, including RNA and DNA, amino acids, enzymes, vitamins, cofactors, and protoporphyrins, absorb photons in the UV-C 1. RNA or DNA in complexes with these molecules act as acceptor quenchers, providing the electronically excited pigment donor molecule with an extremely rapid (sub picosecond) non-radiative dexcitation channel, through internal conversion into vibrational energy of the nucleic acid and surrounding water molecules2.
See John Hewitt’s comment: You have just described the founding principle and thermodynamic function of life
In a classic example of human idiocy (See Feynman: food energy), biologically uninformed science idiots linked the dissipation of quantized energy to the origin of life via abiogenesis. The creation of biophysically constrained biophotonicaly based life in the context of the energy-dependent creation of microRNAs was reported in the context of photon dissipation and entropy as: Abiogenesis: A Theory on The Origins of Life
By now, we all know how evolution works. At least, most of us have a basic understanding of how it functions. At its most fundamental level, evolution is change over time. More specifically, it is changes within a biological population over successive generations.
Ultimately, biological complexity is one of the most important things to come out of evolution. Things started simple. Then genes mutated, cells interacted with their environment, mitochondria stopped being living organisms and started being part of a cell and—Tada—complex life.
A conflict arose between John Hewitt’s accurate representations of biophysically constrained life in The vibrational theory of olfaction for the win and few months ago, Hewitt blocked me from seeing his tweets.
The same kinds of amino acid substitutions that control the separations and interactions of side chains in fluorescent proteins also play an essential role in tuning the proposed mechanism for vibration detection—inelastic electron tunneling. Life literally runs on electron tunneling through the respiratory chain complexes in mitochondria. These proteins employ complicated mechanisms including esoteric-soundings things like electron bifurcation and confurcation to pump protons across the mitochondrial inner membrane. When mitochondria go dark, cells can often continue to run for a short while, but it is only in the dim glow of the battery backup metabolism.
Here are some links to the reason for the conflict. Simply put, John Hewitt put everything known to serious scientists about energy-dependent microRNA biogenesis back into the context of abiogenesis.
2005 MicroRNA biogenesis: coordinated cropping and dicing
2015 Dysregulation of microRNA biogenesis and gene silencing in cancer
2015 RNA-mediated degradation of microRNAs: A widespread viral strategy?
Claims about abiogenesis exemplify what Richard Feynman referred to as human idiocy. So does John Hewitt and anyone else who believes in Michaelian’s pseudoscientific nonsense. See other examples of Michaelian’s pseudoscientific nonsense and human idiocy by clicking here.
The energy-dependent creation of one domain of life links the physiology of reproduction in bacteria to biophysically constrained viral latency. The virus-driven degradation of messenger RNA is linked to the destruction of all life on Earth.
The degradation of messenger RNA links mutations to the creation of archaea and L-forms via entropy, which clearly links the weakening of the proton motive force to the elimination of the cell wall in L-forms (the last remnants of creation).
See also: Past 5,000 years prolific for changes to human genome
If you cannot link the miRNA regulation of innate immunity to all extant biodiversity via the physiology of pheromone-controlled reproduction and fixation of energy-dependent microRNA-mediated amino acid substitutions, thank a biologically uniformed science idiot.
Summary: In the context of what is known about how top-down causation must be linked to all biodiversity on Earth, the anti-entropic virucidal energy of sunlight links differences in the energy of two photons from the proton motive force to the creation of microRNAs. The link from the proton motive force to the creation of microRNAs is endogenous RNA interference (RNAi). Endogenous RNAi is manifested as energy-dependent differences in biophysically constrained viral latency.
Biophysically constrained viral latency has been linked to healthy longevity in all living genera from what appears to be the “dawn of creation.” See: Conceptual Insights, Energy Transformations in Oxidative Phosphorylation (2002)
View this media module for an animated, interactive summary of how electron transfer potential is converted into proton-motive force and, finally, phosphoryl transfer potential in oxidative phosphorylation.
…the term proton-motive force (PMF)… can be described as the measure of the potential energy stored as a combination of proton and voltage (electrical potential) gradients across a membrane. The electrical gradient is a consequence of the charge separation across the membrane (when the protons H+ move without a counterion, such as chloride Cl−).
Two small lin-4 transcripts of approximately 22 and 61 nt were identified in C. elegans and found to contain sequences complementary to a repeated sequence element in the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of lin-14 mRNA, suggesting that lin-4 regulates lin-14 translation via an antisense RNA-RNA interaction.
…except for very few and marginal variations, it is the same from bacteria to man, the RNA stretch: 5′ GUGUUC 3′ reads as the dipeptide: Val-Phe in bacteria, in yeast, in Arabidopsis, in zebra fish, in mouse and in human. A degree of ambiguity is possible if mutations are introduced in the tRNAs in a way that the anticodon reads one amino acid but the aminoacyl-transferase attaches a different one onto the tRNA.
A polymath should be required to link quantum physics from quantum chemistry to biophysically constrained viral latency and all biodiversity. Wide-ranging knowledge should include what is known about the conserved molecular mechanisms that link the food energy-dependent physiology of reproduction to ecological adaptations in species from microbes to humans.
Eshel Ben-Jacob and Greg Bear are polymaths. Isaac Asimov was not.
Eshel Ben-Jacob presciently linked Learning from Bacteria about Natural Information Processing (2009) to the biophysically constrained viral latency Greg Bear placed into the context of the creation of a new human species in two books reviewed in Nature: Evolution rising from the grave (2000) Living with the Neanderthals (2003)
See also: Dependence of RNA synthesis in isolated thymus nuclei on glycolysis, oxidative carbohydrate catabolism and a type of “oxidative phosphorylation” (1964)
Polymaths should be able to recognize patterns that link photophosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation from the creation of enzymes to biophysically constrained RNA-mediated DNA repair, which links ecological variation from phytoremediation to ecological adaptations in all living genera. Anyone who fails to do that in the context of the weekend resurrection of the bacterial flagellum in P. fluorescens should be called a biologically uninformed theorist or a science journalist who has no excuse for reporting pseudoscientific nonsense.
The only way to resurrect the bacterial flagellum over-the-weekend involves what is known as the proton motive force. Fro example: A twitter search for “proton motive force” led me to this claim, thanks to Nigel Ten Fleming
Enzyme-bound ATP forms readily in the absence of a proton-motive force.
…the role of the proton gradient is not to form ATP but to release it from the synthase.
See also:
If the aspartate residue is protonated to its neutral form, thecring can now rotate, but only in a clockwise direction. Such a rotation moves the newly protonated aspartic acid residue into contact with the membrane, moves the charged aspartate residue from contact with the matrix half-channel to the cytosolic half-channel, and moves a different protonated aspartic acid residue from contact with the membrane to the matrix half-channel. The proton can then dissociate from aspartic acid and move through the half-channel into the proton-poor matrix to restore the initial state. This dissociation is favored by the positive charge on a conserved arginine residue (Arg 210) in the a subunit.
The difference in the energy of photons was linked from protons to hydrogen-atom transfer in DNA base pairs in solution. The energy-dependent biophysically constraints link microRNA-mediated cell type differentiation from the RNA-mediated amino acid substitutions to the differences in all cell types in all individuals of all living genera.
See also: 18.4.5. ATP Synthase and G Proteins Have Several Common Features (with my emphasis)
In Chapter 15, we learned that the signaling properties of other members of this family, the G proteins, depend on their ability to bind nucleoside triphosphates and nucleoside diphosphates with great kinetic tenacity. They do not exchange nucleotides unless they are stimulated to do so by interaction with other proteins. The binding-change mechanism of ATP synthase is a variation on this theme. The three different faces of the γ subunit of ATP synthase interact with the P-loop regions of the β subunits to favor the structures of either the NDP- or NTP-binding forms or to facilitate nucleotide release. The conformational changes take place in an orderly way, driven by the rotation of the γ subunit.
Variation is not nutrient availability and the something that is doing the selecting is not the individual organism. A feature of an educated person is to realize what they do not know. Sadly, you don’t know that you have an incorrect understanding [of] Darwinian biological evolution.
Excerpt: During the past 21 months, others have either learned nothing about microRNAs or they have ignored the fact that virus-driven energy theft is not the same as energy dissipation in the context of food energy (the quantized energy as information that is used by viruses to create the amino acid substitutions that stabilize their RNA and DNA).
…we need to stand together as a field, and support our colleagues by accepting to review their papers and grant applications in order to ensure a fair evaluation. In my opinion, we need to collaborate, support and acknowledge each other as best as we can so we can successfully move forward together into a bright future in cryoEM.
Food energy-dependent changes in base pairs were linked to ecological adaptation in species from microbes to humans via methylation and the fixation of RNA-mediated amino acid substitutions. There is no dark side to cryo-electron microscopy (cryoEM), and Ariane Briegel knows that. See: Structure of bacterial cytoplasmic chemoreceptor arrays and implications for chemotactic signaling (2014)
…methylations confer adaptation on the system, modulating its response based on recent environmental conditions (Kleene et al., 1979; Toews et al., 1979; Lupas and Stock, 1989). The architecture of these membrane-bound chemoreceptor arrays is not specific to E. coli, indeed it is universal among bacteria (Briegel et al., 2009). The architecture of these arrays is likely key to the high sensitivity, wide dynamic range, cooperativity, and feedback control of this system…
Interestingly, while transmembrane arrays remain intact upon cell lysis, presumably due to the stabilizing effect of the membrane, cytoplasmic arrays fall apart unless molecular crowding agents are added. This suggests that cellular crowding contributes to the stability of the array and may be an important factor in assembly of these, and likely other, cellular structures (Ellis, 2001; Zhou et al., 2008; Zhou, 2013). We observe the same requirement for molecular crowding (mimicking the cellular environment) in our in vitro preparation from E. coli. This supports the idea that chemoreceptor interactions can be enhanced by membrane binding (Shrout et al., 2003), but in the absence of a membrane, this can be achieved by molecular crowding and sandwiching (Fowler et al., 2010).
Briegel et al., (2014) reestablished the facts from our 1996 review of biophysically constrained RNA-mediated cell type differentiation. See the molecular epigenetics section of From Fertilization to Adult Sexual Behavior.
Life on Earth exists within the confines of the energy that is required to maintain the functional structure of the cell membrane. The crowding of food energy-dependent microRNAs in the cell membrane is reduced by virus-driven energy theft. See: Virus-mediated archaeal hecatomb in the deep seafloor
We show here for the first time the crucial role of viruses in controlling archaeal dynamics and therefore the functioning of deep-sea ecosystems, and suggest that virus-archaea interactions play a central role in global biogeochemical cycles.
It has been shown that exosomes contain large amounts of miRNAs and can serve as vehicles to transfer miRNAs to recipient cells, where the exogenous miRNAs can alter the gene expression and bioactivity of recipient cells [28].
These data suggest that the malignant phenotype of metastatic ovarian cancer cells can be altered by miR21 delivered by exosomes derived from neighbouring stromal cells in the omental tumour microenvironment, and that inhibiting the transfer of stromal-derived miR21 is an alternative modality in the treatment of metastatic and recurrent ovarian cancer.
All experimental evidence of biophysically constrained viral latency links the food energy-dependent creation of microRNAs from the bioreactivity of recipient cells to healthy longevity via protection from the virus-driven degradation of messenger RNA, which all serious scientists have linked from mutations to all pathology.
See this presentation from a Precision Medicine virtual conference for review
Not only did Telepresence robots let employees ‘beam’ into work (December 24, 2012), telecommuting established my ability to disseminate accurate information about biophysically constrained biologically-based cause and effect to those who want to inform themselves. After I learned about microRNAs during the 2012 Society for Neuroscience annual meeting, I did not waste anymore time or money attending scientific conferences. It became perfectly clear that biologically uninformed theorists ignored the facts that link the creation of energy-dependent microRNAs to healthy longevity — if only because I had never heard of them.
During the past 21 months, others have either learned nothing about microRNAs or they have ignored the fact that virus-driven energy theft is not the same as energy dissipation in the context of food energy (the quantized energy as information that is used by viruses to create the amino acid substitutions that stabilize their RNA and DNA.
Only the virus-driven theft of quantized energy has been linked to all pathology in all living genera.
That fact makes this fact perfectly clear. Scientific progress toward the prevention or effective treatment of all pathology has been delayed at every level of examination by theorists. See for example:
“This study is the first of its kind in complex organisms like the fruit fly. With this unique resource in hand, we have already characterized several candidate structural variation which show evidence for phenotypic adaptation, which can function to drive species evolution,” explained Emerson.
Species do not evolve. Natural selection for energy-dependent codon optimality links food energy from ecological variation to fixation of RNA-mediated amino acid substitutions in organized genomes via DNA repair. The RNA-mediated DNA repair is evidence of how organisms phenotypically adapt.
Food odors and pheromones biophysically constrain ecological adaptations in species from mice to humans. That fact was established via the works of people such as Eugene Daev, who used experimental evidence of biophysical constraints in their refutation of neo-Darwinian pseudoscientific nonsense.
See: [Pheromonal regulation of genetic processes: research on the house mouse (Mus musculus L.)] (1994)
A study of the influence of pheromone stressor(s) on proliferating germ and somatic cells was performed on laboratory lines of house mouse in the context of the physiological hypothesis of mutation process, proposed by M.E. Lobashev in 1947. Data from experiments are presented, and results obtained during last 10-15 years are discussed. The adaptive role of cytogenetic and other observed pheromonal effects is considered. The possible existence of interorganism systems of genetic regulation is discussed, the search for and study of which may help in more complete understanding of the regularities of functioning of genetic material.
We assume that reduced neural olfactory input to subsequent limbic and salience processing structures moderates this relation. However, the OB was in an inferior position compared to conventional questionnaires for diagnosis of depression.
Despite two decades of scientific progress, the authors assume that the link between olfaction and emotion processing structures may not be as strong in humans compared to mice. They are either biologically uninformed, or they are lying. In either case, serious scientists do not base their claims on ridiculous assumptions. There may be no serious scientists who have ever worked with Thomas Hummel.
See: Hummel T and microRNA
See for comparison: The tipping point (revisited): 68,000 publications
See also: Feedback loops link odor and pheromone signaling with reproduction (2005) and Olfaction Warps Visual Time Perception (2017)
Attacks on my scientific credibility by Nik Wilmore, who claims these credentials Chemist (Columbia/Harvard), can be linked to this Historical Perspective as the obvious basis for social media attacks by biologically uninformed chemists and other theorists: A fear of pheromones (1971)
WHAT are we going to do if it turns out that we have pheromones? What on earth would we be doing with such things? With the richness of speech, and all our new devices for communication, why would we want to release odors into the air to convey information about anything? We can send notes, telephone, whisper cryptic invitations, announce the giving of parties, even bounce words off the moon and make them carom around the planets. Why a gas, or droplets of moisture made to be deposited on fenceposts?
Of 1.15 million single-nucleotide variants found among more than 15,000 protein-encoding genes, 73% in arose the past 5,000 years, the researchers report. 164,688 of the variants — roughly 14% — were potentially harmful, and of those, 86% arose in the past 5,000 years.
Only if you ignore everything that could be learned about cell biology by playing the game “Cytosis,” could you continue to believe in the ridiculous theories of “Big Bang” cosmologists and neo-Darwinian theorists.
Cytosis: “A board game taking place inside a human cell! Players compete to build enzymes, hormones and receptors and fend off attacking Viruses!”
Darwin’s “conditions of life” and Kohl’s Laws of Biology attest to the fact that food energy-dependent RNA-mediated DNA repair biophysically constrains viral latency. Changes in the diet lead to ecological variation or from virus-driven energy theft to mutation-driven pathology.
The only recommended use for the term evolution is in the context of the evolution of virus-driven pathology.
See: Virus-mediated archaeal hecatomb in the deep seafloor
We show here for the first time the crucial role of viruses in controlling archaeal dynamics and therefore the functioning of deep-sea ecosystems, and suggest that virus-archaea interactions play a central role in global biogeochemical cycles.
We provide a high-resolution cryo-EM structure of a virus-ICAM-1 complex, which revealed critical ICAM-1-binding residues. These data could help identify a possible conserved mode of receptor engagement among ICAM-1-binding enteroviruses and rhinoviruses. Moreover, we identify a single capsid substitution that has been adopted by all pandemic CV-A24v strains and we reveal that this adaptation enhances the capacity of CV-A24v to bind sialic acid. Our data elucidate the CV-A24v receptor repertoire and point to a role of enhanced receptor engagement in the adaptation to the eye, possibly enabling pandemic spread.
An unwillingness to accept spiritual struggle could contribute to major social ills, leading to lost opportunities to engage with people of different faith beliefs and backgrounds and come to view them as threatening.
“This avoidance may lead to the rejection of whole groups of people based on their religious differences or perceived incongruence between, for example, their sexuality or gender-based identity and religious teachings,” Exline said.
Mental health providers may find it useful to help clients with spiritual struggles face their difficulties in a more proactive way.
“People seem to be more emotionally healthy if they’re able to accept troubling thoughts,” Exline said. “Looking at spiritual doubts in an objective way seems to help. You may or may not work through them, but at least you can tolerate having them.”
Avoidance itself is not a problem; rather, the behavior can become problematic when escaping becomes harmful or contrary to personal goals and sets a rigid pattern of experiencing and responding to the world.
“Regular spiritual avoidance can make it difficult to identify, work toward or experience the qualities that lend a sense of purpose to life,” she said.
Using emotional and cognitive energy to push thoughts away will not stop them from continuing to intrude over time.
“Continually being re-visited by these thoughts can create strains on emotional health, especially if a person sees this kind of questioning as morally unacceptable and dangerous,” Exline said.
Dose of TRH is 200 μg and can be given once in a day. In the present study, an attempt has been made to prepare nasal spray of TRH by optimizing its pH, viscosity, osmolality and formulation parameters for use in crisis management.
Together, these results provide an in-depth analysis of miRNA dysregulation in glioblastoma and demonstrate the potential utility of these data in the design of miRNA-regulated therapies for the treatment of brain cancers.
The more we are tied to something, the stronger our reaction to it. I believe this is the problem with modern politics. We, both sides, have become so tied to our ideals that we cannot have a rational discussion about anything that goes against them.
The politicized practice of medicine prevents recognition of the facts established by serious scientists. For example, the innate antiphage defense system protects all organized genomes from virus-driven entropy via autophagy. That fact was placed into the context of the cell biology game Cytosis.
See also the discussion of Mitochondrial metabolite linked to regulation of neurotransmission
Pat SweeneyI am beginning to think that the genes in the mitochondria that direct the assembly of some of the necessary factors for nerve firing, are in cell types that have not had enough time to evolve or move the genes to the nucleus yet. Other cell types have had enough time to evolve or duplicate the mitochondrial genes into the cell genome and mutate them out of the mitochondrial genome.
Mitochondrial Genes Move to the Nucleus — but it’s not for the sex. The loss of endosymbiont genes can be complete, in which lost genes are absent from the host–endosymbiont complex, a substitution, in which a nuclear allele functions in place of the lost symbiont gene, or a functional transfer of an endosymbiont gene to the nucleus, followed by its loss (Adams and Palmer 2003). Such “functional transfer” involves the relocation of a mitochondrial gene to the nucleus, its acquisition of a promoter, successful targeting to the mitochondria for proper function, and the eventual loss of the gene from the mitochondrial genome altogether. Although this process is probably quite complex and requires numerous evolutionary modifications (Murcha et al. 2005), there is evidence that some mitochondrial genes are preadapted to functional transfer as they contain signals that target them to the mitochondria before functional transfer to the nucleus (Ueda et al. 2008a).
I am beginning to think that some people still do not realize that cell types do not evolve. But now, Pat Sweeney makes claims that differentiate the terms “evolve or duplicate” from phrases such as “mutate them out of the mitochondrial genome” and “evidence that some mitochondrial genes are preadapted.”
The preadaptations are quantized energy-dependent and biophysically constrained by the pheromone-controlled physiology of reproduction. There is a model for that.
There is still no mathematical model of biologically-based cause and effect for comparison, which is why all serious scientists are laughing at the pseudoscientists who still tout “evolution” as an explanation for cell type differentiation in different species that must eat to reproduce.
See for comparison: Impaired mitochondrial β-oxidation in cardiomyocytes: role of the cardiac renin-angiotensin system and miR-208Wednesday, January 24, 2018 In this webinar we will discuss [facts]:
Analysis of mitochondrial function in cardiomyocytes using Agilent Seahorse XF technology
Application of mito stress test, glycolysis stress test and palmitate oxidation assays in HL-1 cardiomyocytes
…specific, volatile, and zoosocial important chemosignals are a promising approach both to modeling posttraumatic stress disorders in humans [36] …
Daev et al (2014) cited our award-winning 2001 review:
Humans also have various pheromone-induced physiological effects, especially those associated with reproduction [46, 47]. This suggests that the human olfactory system is still an effective pathway for influencing environmental factors on the human nervous system.
[46] is Kohl, J.V., Atzmueller, M., Fink, B., and Grammer, K., Human pheromones: integrating neuroendocrinology and ethology, Neuroendocrinol. Lett., 2001, vol. 22, pp. 309–321. Now that others have linked food energy to biophysically constrained pheromone-controlled RNA-mediated cell type differentiation and to the prevention and treatment of PTSD, help for veterans and others who might be contemplating suicide is one step closer to the reality of implementation. But wait, first the NIH must fund another 26.2 million dollars worth of worthless research to link “social epigenomics” (aka epigenetic effects of pheromones) from base editing to RNA editing and RNA-mediated cell type differentiation.
Altogether, this systematic analysis of ribosome-associated mRNAs and lncRNAs demonstrates that nutrient availability and translational regulation controls protein and small peptide-encoding mRNAs as well as a diverse cadre of regulatory RNAs.
Arabidopsis thaliana is a small flowering plant that is widely used as a model organism in plant biology. The nutrient energy-dependent physiology of reproduction was linked to the food energy-dependent pheromone-controlled physiology of reproduction via the ribosome-associated mRNAs in the context of the ATP-dependent creation of the RNA and fixation of amino acid substitutions that stabilize the organized genomes of all living genera.
More than 68,000 indexed publications on PubMed link food energy-dependent changes in microRNAs from RNA-directed DNA methylation to mRNA expression in the context of the physiology of pheromone-controlled reproduction and transgenerational epigenetic inheritance of all phenotypes in species from microbes to humans. A search for microRNA and virus links 4782 published works from the virus-driven degradation of messenger RNA to all pathology.
The waste of money on more research should be perfectly clear in the context of this invited review of nutritional epigenetics:
For example, I linked the availability of sago palm-like leaves to endogenous levels of vitamin C in humans. That allowed me to detail how the pheromone-controlled physiology of reproduction in mice was linked to humans via one base pair change and a single amino acid substitution. Natural selection for energy-dependent codon optimality is all that’s required to link RNA-mediated DNA repair from sunlight to the creation of microRNAs in plants and the vitamin C-enhance stability of the organized genomes in a modern human population in Central China.
1) …access to endogenous vitamin C in human populations, supports efficient metabolism and ecological niche construction [17].
2) ..vitamin C appears to stimulate histone demethylases, which appear to alter the de novo creation of functional olfactory receptor genes [19-23].
3) Researchers recently rediscovered a nutrient-dependent epigenetic variant that links vitamin C to what is probably a glucose and glucose dehydrogenase-dependent base pair change. The base pair change results in addition of a methyl group to a cytosine base, which takes on a hydroxyl group to form different 5-hydroxymethylcytosines (5hmCs). Different 5hmCs are associated with differences in cell types that have the same genetic backgrounds. Nutrient-dependent epigenetically-marked bases help to explain how hundreds of cell types in the human body and in the brain [24] are differentiated and how they maintain their glucose-dependent and other nutrient-dependent receptor-mediated identities [25].
Because vitamin C and other vitamins appear to epigenetically effect nutrient-dependent methylation at the level of single-base resolution in mammals, it has become more important to determine how base-pair changes alter intracellular interactions in embryonic stem cells or intercellular interactions in other cells that result in cascades of downstream intracellular and intercellular organizing interactions throughout life. Other vitamins, such as vitamin D, and metal ions such as calcium, iron, lead and manganese also appear to epigenetically alter these organizing interactions. Therefore, a biophysically constrained, nutrient-dependent, epigenetically-effected, receptor-mediated recognizable organized pattern of emergence can be viewed in the context of ecological variations and ecological adaptations.
4) Amino acid substitutions in humans are associated with loss of vitamin C synthesis and loss of uricase production at the advent of urate production as a substitute for vitamin C biosynthesis in primates.
Excerpt from the conclusion:
5) In mammals, for example, the explanatory power of a model of ecological variation and biophysically constrained nutrient-dependent pheromone-controlled ecological adaptations became clear with companion papers published in 2013. See for review [30].
The companion papers [162-163] told a new short story of ecological adaptations. In the context of climate change and changes in diet, the story began with what probably was a nutrient-dependent base pair change and a variant epiallele that arose in a human population in what is now central China.
Apparently, the effect of the epiallele was adaptive and it was manifested in the context of an effect on sweat, skin, hair, and teeth. In another mammal, such as the mouse, the effect on sweat, skin, hair, and teeth is probably due to a nutrient-dependent epigenetic effect on hormones responsible for the tweaking of immense gene networks that metabolize nutrients to pheromones. The pheromones appear to control the nutrient-dependent epigenetically-effected hormone-dependent organization and hormone-activation of reproductive sexual behavior in mammals such as mice and humans, but also in invertebrates and in microbes as previously indicated.
The ecological adaptations, which appear to be manifested in the human population are detailed in these two reports [162-163]. The ecological adaptations are likely to be nutrient-dependent and pheromone-controlled. If so, ecological variation probably leads to ecological, social, neurogenic, and socio-cognitive niche construction, which is manifested in increasing organismal complexity and species diversity. If not, there may be something as yet unknown about mutations and evolution that makes sense in the light of what is known about nutritional epigenetics and the molecular biology of species from microbes to man.
NIH funding for more research without first reviewing what is known to all serious scientists about energy-dependent RNA-mediated cell type differentiation is a horrid waste of money. If that fact is not perfectly clear, see any of these published works on microRNAs.
Two decades after Eugene Daev first linked pheromones to biophysically constrained viral latency, an article in Science asked the question: Do human pheromones actually exist?
…Wen Zhou, a behavioral psychologist at the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing, contends that AND and EST may well be human pheromones. “My major concern with the experiments in this study is that they were not rigorously designed and conducted,” she wrote in an email to Science. Zhou, who in 2014 published a study finding that AND and EST do indeed influence whether participants judge walking dot figures with “genderless gaits” to be men or women, doubts the faces used were truly “gender neutral.”
…Turin also just published a much more sweeping treatise on molecular recognition in olfaction in the journal Advances in Physics: X. In it, he and his co-authors delve into more of the specifics of olfactory receptors, including particular amino acid motifs, metal binding capacities, and disulphide bridge redox status. It turns out that amino acid side chains alone frequently pull off some rather interesting electron transfer effects without the need for fancy co-enzymes or prosthetic groups.
The link from facts about amino acids in the context of vibrational theory to olfaction and receptor-mediated behaviors clearly extends from epigenetic effects on hormones to the unconscious affects of hormones on behavior.
Epigenetic effects on energy-dependent performance levels should also be reconsidered in the context of receptor-mediated biophysical constraints on amino acid substitutions that stabilize organized genomes, but in public/personal correspondence, John Hewitt professed his belief in evolution. On 11/27/17 he wrote:
I think mutation and natural selection is a woefully weak force in the evolution of multicellular organisms, but I surely believe things evolve.
Pheromones have evolved to signal the sex and the dominance status of animals and to promote social and mating rituals.
No experimental evidence of biologically-based cause and effect supports that claim that pheromones evolved to do anything. All experimental evidence provided by serious scientists who use it to support their claims attests to this fact from December 2012: The activity-dependent histone variant H2BE modulates the life span of olfactory neurons (co-authored by Catherine Dulac)
An experience-dependent epigenetic trap stabilizes the organized genomes of all living genera. See: An Epigenetic Trap Stabilizes Singular Olfactory Receptor Expression.
The “epigenetic trap” links the speed of light on contact with water to all food energy-dependent biodiversity via olfaction and the pheromone-controlled physiology of reproduction. Dynamic control of chirality and self-assembly of double-stranded helicates with light
Senior author Ben L. Feringa won the 2016 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for works that link the anti-entopic virucidal energy of sunlight on contact with water from the creation of microRNAs to experience-dependent changes in electrons to ecosystems via changes in the microRNA/messenger RNA balance.
Something has gone horribly wrong. In the iBiology alert I received this morning, ‘Tis the Season to be Sensing, this claim was made:
While you take off time for a holiday vacation, not everyone will be taking a break. Your body’s cells will be clocking overtime to ensure you can enjoy all of the festivities. They are responsible for everything from hearing the chatter of loved ones and thetasting of delicious food to seeingall of the bright and colorful decor. Consider taking some time this holiday to learn about all the hard work your cells are doing to help you enjoy the holiday cheer!
Fundamentals such as Darwinian evolution, genetic variation and natural selection are covered. In addition, leading scientists present their research in areas as diverse as the evolution of multicellularity, the discovery a fossil intermediate between fish and tetrapods, the co-evolution of plants and predators, and how viruses constantly evolve to “outsmart” their hosts.
In this session, Drs. Turner and Malik focus on the ability of viruses to rapidly evolve and adapt to changing environments. Turner explains how some viruses have evolved to infect many hosts while others infect a single cell type. He also uses experimental evolution to study the ability of a virus to survive under different environmental conditions versus its ability to effectively reproduce.
…we show that glutamate is readily used as a metabolic substrate in cortical neurons in response to mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) inhibition. Reductions in mitochondrial pyruvate uptake do not compromise viability or energy metabolism, but rather rewire mitochondria to increase reliance on glutamate to fuel anaplerosis and ATP production.
The synthesis of RNA in isolated thymus nuclei is ATP dependent.
Antagonist Jay R. Feierman has done more than anyone to prevent people from learning the facts about how food energy and pheromones protect all organized genomes from the virus-driven degradation of messenger RNA.
For a historical record of his ignorance, see: 90689 Re: [evol-psych] Re: [human-ethology] Phenotype, Form, and Function
Conclusion:
…it is doubtful if such constructive criticism will change anyone’s views on this subject, as the views regarding psychological paradigms are held together in many people with the same emotional glue that hold political and religious views together. The next generation will think differently.
See also his constructive criticisms of my model: Nutrient-dependent/pheromone-controlled adaptive evolution: a model Jay R. Feierman: Variation is not nutrient availability and the something that is doing the selecting is not the individual organism. A feature of an educated person is to realize what they do not know. Sadly, you don’t know that you have an incorrect understanding [of] Darwinian biological evolution. Jay R. Feierman: I am absolutely certain that if you showed this statement to any professor of biology or genetics in any accredited university anywhere in the world that 100% of them would say that “Random mutations are the substrate upon which directional natural selection acts” is a correct and true statement.
Summary: The same set of microRNAs controls expression of the genes for rate-limiting enzymes, which control differences in the hormone production of different hormones in insects and crustaceans. That fact led to this claim in: The secret to safe DNA repair.
…if you don’t have this enzyme, then this error-free repair is stopped. You can’t do it. If you can’t do the error-free repair, among other things that happen is that you expect these cells to be cancer prone.
If unusual patterns in their three billion pairs of A’s, C’s, G’s and T’s — the nucleobases that make up all genomes — can be shown to have prolonged their lives and protected their health, the logic goes, it is conceivable that a drug or gene therapy could be devised to replicate the effects in the rest of us.
The unusual patterns exist only in the context of error-free RNA-directed DNA repair. DNA repair is linked from the energy-dependent creation of one enzyme and the metabolism of food to species-specific pheromones. The secret to safe DNA repair.
…if you don’t have this enzyme, then this error-free repair is stopped. You can’t do it. If you can’t do the error-free repair, among other things that happen is that you expect these cells to be cancer prone.
A study of the influence of pheromone stressor(s) on proliferating germ and somatic cells was performed on laboratory lines of house mouse in the context of the physiological hypothesis of mutation process, proposed by M.E. Lobashev in 1947. Data from experiments are presented, and results obtained during last 10-15 years are discussed. The adaptive role of cytogenetic and other observed pheromonal effects is considered. The possible existence of interorganism systems of genetic regulation is discussed, the search for and study of which may help in more complete understanding of the regularities of functioning of genetic material.
The virus-driven degradation of messenger RNA has since been linked to all pathology. Food odors and pheromones biophysically constrain the transgenerational epigenetic inheritance of viral latency via the creation of amino acid substitutions that differentiate all the cell types of all individuals of all individuals of all species.
When all serious scientists fully disclose what is known about the biophysically constrained energy-dependent links from 1) base editing and 2) microRNA editing to 3) RNA editing and RNA-mediated DNA repair, pseudoscientists will be put out of the business of drug development. Medical practice will be based on what is known about Precision Medicine, which specifically links the food energy-dependent creation of enzymes to healthy longevity and to the metabolism of the drugs that often do more harm than good.
1) Base Editing Now Able to Convert Adenine-Thymine to Guanine-Cytosine
“Nature conveniently provides us with cytosine deaminase enzymes that operate on DNA,” Liu tells The Scientist.
The creation of quantized energy in sunlight links energy as information from electrons to ecosystems via the physiology of reproduction in all living genera. The claim that “Nature” provides us with cytosine deaminase enzymes makes it seem that the enzymes emerged and automagically evolved to become purposeful and meaningful in the context of ridiculous theories about mutation-driven evolution.
2) Conserved microRNA editing in mammalian evolution, development and disease
MicroRNA (miRNA) editing is a site-specific conserved mechanism that links ecological variation to energy-dependent ecological adaptations via the physiology of pheromone-controlled reproduction, which increases the functional diversity of mammalian miRNA transcriptomes. These authors place microRNA editing into the context of an “evolutionarily stable feature” without explaining how the energy-dependent stability was linked to biophysically constrained viral latency.
3) RNA Editing Possible with CRISPR-Cas13
Serious scientists moved forward by calling pre-mRNAs “microRNAs.” They linked energy-dependent alternative splicings to all biodiversity via fixation of amino acid substitutions in the context of the pheromone-controlled physiology of reproduction. Now, Zhang and others make the claim that’s akin to saying they rediscovered the innate immune system, which biophysically constrains viral latency.
The so-called secret to the three-step recognition of the pattern linked to longevity may be as simple as this: Learn how anything you eat or drink may be beneficial and do not take drugs that will kill you by stealing the quantized energy as information that McEwen et al. (1964) linked the light-activated creation of ATP to the food energy-dependent creation of RNA. Dependence of RNA synthesis in isolated thymus nuclei on glycolysis, oxidative carbohydrate catabolism and a type of “oxidative phosphorylation”
Isolated thymus nuclei transport amino acids into an intranuclear pool by a process which seems to depend on energy from nuclear ATP synthesis (20).
Ingram and others found that hemoglobin S differs from A in the substitution of just a single amino acid, valine in place of glutamic acid in the beta chain of the hemoglobin molecule.
For example, the so-called alpha chains of hemoglobin have identical sequences of amino acids in man and the chimpanzee, but they differ in a single amino acid (out of 141) in the gorilla.
All serious scientists know that the creation of the sun’s anti-entropic virucidal energy must be linked from ecological variation to ecological adaptations, whether or not they refer to light in the context of evolution. Nothing makes sense when theorists fail to link the speed of light on contact with water from the creation of enzymes to the metabolism of food. And nothing else about food energy makes sense when pseudoscientists fail to link it to the physiology of pheromone-controlled reproduction, which biophysically constrains viral latency.
See: The phylogenetic utility and functional constraint of microRNA flanking sequences (2015)
Reported as:‘Junk DNA’ Used To Sort Species and also as: All in the (bigger) family with my comment:
The 2015 Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology (SICB) presenters may not recognize how much progress has been made since the 2013 ecological epigenetics symposium. For example, since then authors claimed “…ctenophore neural systems, and possibly muscle specification, evolved independently from those in other animals.” http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature13400
Six months later, other authors traced signaling factors found in vertebrates to the origin of nerve cell centralization via the diffuse nerve net of animals like the sea anemone. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms6536 That fact suggests ecological variation is linked to ecological adaptations in morphological and behavioral phenotypes via signaling protein concentrations that differentiate various cell types in body axes and the central nervous system.
Links across species from the epigenetic landscape to the physical landscape of DNA in organized genomes appear to have their origins in the conserved molecular mechanisms of RNA-directed DNA methylation and RNA-mediated protein folding. Two weeks after the publication that refuted ideas about independently evolved neural systems or muscle specification — and perhaps refuted the independent evolution of anything else, SICB presenters linked crustaceans to insects.
Apparently, they’ve learned that the same set of microRNAs controls expression of the genes for rate-limiting enzymes that control the hormone production of different hormones in insects and crustaceans.
Why were they left with any questions about how crustaceans and insects could all be part of one big family? They linked RNA-mediated cell type differentiation to what we described in our section on molecular epigenetics in our 1996 Hormones and Behavior review. From Fertilization to Adult Sexual Behavior
Conclusion: Like Richard Dawkins, Magnus S. Magnusson is a pseudoscientist.
A light-induced change in an endogenous substrate found in all cell types of all living genera links femtosecond blasts of UV light from the de novo creation of the innate immune system to RNA-mediated DNA repair in species from microbes to humans. The theft of quantized energy by viruses has been linked to all pathology.
The speed at which quantum decoherence occurs makes it difficult for virus-driven energy theft to be carried from one generation to the next via chromosomal inheritance, which is the only way that nutrient-dependent pheromone-controlled transgenerational epigenetic inheritance occurs — if it does not occur automagically in the small minds of theorists.
See first: Energy-dependent physical and biophysical constraints (5)
See next: Design of a synthetic yeast genome They use what occurs in the context of natural selection for quantized energy-dependent changes in base pairs and link RNA-mediated amino acid substitutions from changes in enzymes and feedback loops. The feedback loops link the pheromone-controlled de novo creation of more receptors via the physiology of reproduction, which biophysically constrains viral latency in all organized genomes.
Their work was reported today, July 26, 2017 in the context of Scientists build DNA from scratch to alter life’s blueprint with my emphasis
Boeke, a researcher at New York University, directs an international team of 11 labs on four continents working to “rewrite” the yeast genome, following a detailed plan they published in March.
The research may reveal basic, hidden rules that govern the structure and functioning of genomes.
All serious scientists known that the structure and function of all organized genomes is energy-dependent and RNA-mediated. For example, in all animals the functional structure of supercoiled DNA is controlled by food odors and pheromones in the context of the physiology of energy-dependent reproduction that links food energy-dependent changes in the microRNA/messenger RNA balance to healthy longevity. Alternatively, virus-driven energy theft links the degradation of messenger RNA from mutations to all pathology.
The question arises: Does Boeke or anyone like him know that the organized genome of yeast is rewritten only in the context of the food energy-dependent pheromone-controlled biophysical constraints on viral latency? I ask because he may be hiding something. Anyone who does not know how chirality and autophagy biophysically constrain viral latency is not likely to have written a book chapter like this, which was co-authored by J.D. Boeke in 1988.
The title of J.D. Boeke’s latest effort: Design of a synthetic yeast genome, would make any young earth creationist proud of his Boeke’s accomplishment. It attests to facts about “design” that atheistic hate mongers like Richard Dawkins and other pseudoscientists have linked from mutations and natural selection to evolution.
I attempted to discuss the fact that Boeke and others use base substitutions within ORFs to introduce or remove enzyme recognition sites. That is how they facilitate the energy-dependent assembly of synthetic chromosomes.
But there’s more! Boeke’s history of publications links nearly 30 years of pseudoscientific nonsense to an impressive refutation of neo-Darwinian theory. The design of the synthetic yeast genome via the energy-dependent assembly of synthetic chromosomes attests to the fact that natural selection for energy-dependent codon optimality is the link to the design of all biophysically constrained biodiversity.
Some people might think that pseudoscientists can recover from refutation linked to the stability of messenger RNA (mRNA), but the recovery time ended two decades ago with publication of From Fertilization to Adult Sexual Behavior
See our section on molecular epigenetics.
Yet another kind of epigenetic imprinting occurs in species as diverse as yeast, Drosophila, mice, and humans and is based upon small DNA-binding proteins called “chromo domain” proteins, e.g., polycomb. These proteins affect chromatin structure, often in telomeric regions, and thereby affect transcription and silencing of various genes…
The proteins do not automagically create themselves. Energy-dependent changes in chirality must be linked from autophagy to biophysically constrained viral latency. In that context, this report is another clear refutation of mutation-driven evolution.
“What fascinates and excites me most about this approach, in addition to improved tumor penetration, is lack of toxicity at a relatively high dose,” she said. “We could potentially use our siRNA delivery system to target several genes simultaneously or sequentially. Most cancers are driven by multiple abnormal genes, so targeting one often leads to activation of others as the tumor adapts.”
Tumors do not adapt. Viruses quickly adapt via energy theft and the substitutions of amino acids in their genomes. The amino acid substitutions in the tumors cause the tumors to adapt to the lack of energy-dependent microRNAs carried by albumin. That is how virus-driven energy theft is linked to the proliferation of undifferentiated cell types in all tissues of all organisms.
As detailed here, the clear identity and easy alignment of these sequences makes them good candidates for estimating phylogeny, and they can reliably be found and identified across all members of a clade of interest. Their relatively slow evolution [3] also means that they can easily be identified in de novo assemblies of genomes.
The energy-dependent microRNA flanking sequences do not evolve and genes do not assemble themselves. Quantized energy as information biophysically constrains virus-driven energy theft, which would otherwise link mutations to all pathology.
Young earth creationists recently placed the virus-driven theft of quantized energy into the context of Cancer Research Confirms the Curse.
…the cancer-suppressing molecule NAD+ diminishes with age appeared in the same Science issue.3Harvard Medical School News summarized the findings. As NAD+ lessens, “DNA breaks go unrepaired and, as these breaks accumulate over time, precipitate cell damage, cell mutations, cell death and loss of organ function.”4 It seems the only way to cure cancer would be to somehow reach into and constantly correct every cell’s mutations.
Carrier-free gene silencing links femtosecond blasts of UV light from the anti-entropic virucidal effects of sunlight on contact with water to everything serious scientists know about food energy-dependent top-down causation and changes in the microRNA/messenger RNA balance, which have been linked to all biophysically constrained biodiversity via what organisms eat and the physiology of their pheromone-controlled reproduction.
The sequences have been selected according special charge distributions and lifetimes of excimer states previously characterized by femtosecond infrared spectroscopy.(3a, 3c, 3d) With these selected sequences we demonstrate that repair occurs when the intrastrand charge transfer leads to a suitably charged nucleotide adjacent to the lesion.
A femtosecond is the SI unit of time equal to 10−15 or 1/1,000,000,000,000,000 of a second; that is, one quadrillionth, or one millionth of one billionth, of a second.[1] For context, a femtosecond is to a second as a second is to about 31.71 million years; a ray of light travels approximately 0.3 µm (micrometers) in 1 femtosecond, a distance comparable to the diameter of a virus.[2]
For comparison: One picosecond is equal to 1000 femtoseconds (fs). Theoretical physicists who thought they knew something about the nature of quantum coherence based their theories on measurements of timescales up to 1.5 picoseconds (ps), but they have since learned that decoherence occurs within 60 fs. The transfer of energy in the context of photosynthesis clearly links the anti-entropic virucidal energy of UV light to RNA-mediated DNA repair in much less time than theorists realized.
Given the relatively well-defined structure of the FMO protein, and comparative couplings between chlorophylls to other photosynthetic systems, the observed extremely fast decoherence should be viewed as general, bringing to question any significant quantum coherent transport contributions to photosynthesis.
…unlike the theoretical predictions, analysis of the OLYMPUS measurements suggests that, most of the time, only one of the photons has high energy, while the other must carry very little energy indeed…
The differences in the energy of photons and the amount of time it takes for energy-dependent RNA-mediated DNA repair link displays of ignorance by Magnus S. Magnusson and other atheistic hate-mongers that can be compared to any display by anyone who has ever been involved in linking pattern recognition to biophysically constrained life on Earth.
For comparison, that is what young earth creationists have done with the information about energy as information from Biblical Genesis.
The light’s coming off at different angles, with different colors, depending on how bright it is.
That phenomenon stemmed partly from a change in the electron, which abandoned its usual up-and-down motion in favor of a figure-8 flight pattern. As it would under normal conditions, the electron also ejected its own photon, which was jarred loose by the energy of the incoming photons. But the researchers found that the ejected photon absorbed the collective energy of all the scattered photons, granting it the energy and wavelength of an X-ray.
Color is one of the longstanding puzzles in philosophy, raising doubts about the truthfulness of our sensory grasp on things, and provoking concerns as to the metaphysical compatibility of scientific, perceptual, and common sense representations of the world. Most philosophers have argued that colors are either real or not real, physical or psychological. The greater challenge is to theorize the subtle way that color stands between our understanding of the physical and the psychological.
The fact that olfaction warps visual time perception links the speed of light on contact with water from the visual appeal of a rainbow to the integration of all sensory input and our appreciation of how energy and mass are linked across the time-space continuum via what is known about the sense of smell in bacteria and the food energy-dependent pheromone-controlled physiology of reproduction in all living genera.
For comparison, Magnus S. Magnusson co-authored “Complex spike patterns in olfactory bulb neuronal networks” He and his colleagues failed to link fast decoherence from the anti-entropic virucidal energy of sunlight to all biodiversity via the physiology of reproduction and RNA-mediated DNA repair.
In the world of those who have consistently linked olfaction to our visual perception of energy and mass in the context of the space-time continuum, Magnusson can be referred to as a biologically uninformed science idiot — if only because he has no expertise in any scientific discipline.
Conclusion: Like Richard Dawkins, Magnus S. Magnusson is a pseudoscientist.
A light-induced change in an endogenous substrate found in all cell types of all living genera links femtosecond blasts of UV light from the de novo creation of the innate immune system to RNA-mediated DNA repair in species from microbes to humans. The theft of quantized energy by viruses has been linked to all pathology via the difference between “Nature” and God’s perfect “Creation.”
The speed at which quantum decoherence occurs makes it difficult for virus-driven energy theft to be carried from one generation to the next via chromosomal inheritance, which is the only way that nutrient-dependent pheromone-controlled transgenerational epigenetic inheritance occurs — if it does not occur automagically in the small minds of theorists.
Although that fact has been repeatedly revealed in the extant scientific literature, which includes texts like the Holy Bible, atheistic hate-mongers refuse to read anything that challenges their beliefs at the same time they either claim to believe in nothing or attack the beliefs of intelligent scientists.
See for examples of what pseudoscientists are likely to believe.
Quantum entanglement… describes the way that two particles can interact in such a way that they become inexorably linked, and essentially ‘share’ an existence.
…energy may not be conserved “locally” — that is, in an arbitrarily small patch of space — but everything works out when the space is sufficiently large.
That claim forced others to make their ridiculous theories fit into the context of “…the idea that the Universe expanded just like a balloon shortly after the Big Bang.”
…three physicists heavily criticised inflation theory – the idea that the Universe expanded just like a balloon shortly after the Big Bang. The article went as far as claiming that the model “cannot be evaluated using the scientific method” – the academic equivalent of saying it isn’t even real science.
…the signaling and inactive states differ only very slightly at the nitrate-binding site – by 0.5-1 angstroms, which is approximately one fifth of the size of the ion itself (1 angstrom is 10-10 meters). However, when this ion binds to the sensor, it causes huge changes in the protein: The helices of different monomers begin to move in different directions, like pistons. These “pistons” transmit the small change of 0.5-1 angstroms through the membrane, and their outer ends shift by approximately 2.5 angstroms in different directions. Inside the cell, in the HAMP domain, these shifts are converted into the rotation of two parts of NarQ relative to each other. Ultimately, the positions of the output helices change by as much as 7 angstroms, thus completing the signal transmission.
The researchers from Russia link energy-dependent changes in angstroms to ecosystems in all living genera. See this parody for fun.
Listen for her to repeat the claim that “,,,every angstrom is dynamic from the 5 prime to the three…”
See also: Nutrient-dependent/pheromone-controlled adaptive evolution: a model (2013) and see this invited review of nutritional epigenetics from 2014: Nutrient-dependent pheromone-controlled ecological adaptations: from atoms to ecosystems All adaptive evolution is epigenetically-effected ecological adaptation. In my model, adaptive evolution equates with epigenetic adaptation for claims that can be compared to claims about mutations and evolution. In 2013, I placed my claims into the context of adaptive evolution because many people did not realize that organized genomes must be protected from virus-driven energy theft at the level of energy-dependent changes in the microRNA/messenger RNA balance. Other researchers have since begun to realize that virus-driven energy theft causes the degradation of messenger RNA. Every level of examination links the loss of quantized energy from angstroms to ecosystems via mutations, which are linked to all pathology. If my invited review had not been returned without review, other researchers probably would have linked the peer-reviewed publication from 2013 and virus-driven energy theft from the hecatombic evolution of pathology in archaea to all pathology via the degradation of messenger RNA and negative supercoiling of DNA.
Gyrase is a molecular motor that harnesses the free energy of ATP hydrolysis to perform mechanical work on DNA. The enzyme specifically introduces negative supercoiling in a process that must coordinate fuel consumption with DNA cleavage and religation and with numerous conformational changes in both the protein and DNA components of a large nucleoprotein complex. Here we present a current understanding of mechanochemical coupling in this essential molecular machine, with a focus on recent diverse biophysical approaches that have revealed details of molecular architectures, new conformational intermediates, structural transitions modulated by ATP binding, and the influence of mechanics on motor function. Recent single-molecule assays have also illuminated the reciprocal relationships between supercoiling and transcription, an illustration of mechanical interactions between gyrase and other molecular machines at the heart of chromosomal biology.
It has also become clear that no experimental evidence links the degradation of messenger RNA from mutations to evolution via natural selection or any other claims that have been made by biologically uninformed theorists. No experimental evidence that supports evolution via natural selection has been published in a peer-reviewed journal. Natural selection for energy-dependent codon optimality is the experimental evidence-based link to healthy longevity and all biodiversity. Theorists might complain that their absence of experimental evidence is not evidence of absence. But that is how theorists try to keep serious scientists waiting for pseudoscientists to make a contribution to what is known about energy-dependent biologically-based cause and effect. Theorists are pseudoscientists who cannot do that. For instance, and for an example, in the conclusion of Mutation-Driven Evolution, which was published on the same day as my 2013 review, Masatoshi Nei suggested that other theorists and everyone else should simply ignore the need to consider teleological elements. Teleology is the philosophical attempt to describe things in terms of their apparent purpose, directive principle, or goal. For instance, in 2012, Thomas Nagel proposed a neo-Darwinian account of evolution that incorporates impersonal, natural teleological laws to explain the existence of life, consciousness, rationality, and objective value.
So far as I know, Nei is still biologically uninformed and Nagel is still looking for his Darwin. See: Awaiting a New Darwin
For comparison, here is an example of what happens when other researchers from Russia included a link from the teleological elements to the purpose of life. Keep in mind that every aspect of neo-Darwinian theory must eventually incorporate “Laws of Biology” that link energy from quantum physics to ecological adaptation via quantum physics and the chemistry of biophysically constrained pheromone-controlled reproduction. For example, in my model of how to link angstroms to ecosystems, Kohl’s “Laws of Biology” are Darwin’s “conditions of life.” The term “epigenetic adaptation” suggests that others have accepted all the facts about RNA-mediated cell type differentiation. The facts link nutrient energy-dependent changes from angstroms to ecosystems via food energy and the physiology of reproduction, which is controlled by pheromones in species from microbes to humans.
The three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) represents a convenient model to study microevolution – adaptation to a freshwater environment. While genetic adaptations to freshwater environments are well-studied, epigenetic adaptations have attracted little attention. In this work, we investigated the role of DNA methylation in the adaptation of the marine stickleback population to freshwater conditions. DNA methylation profiling was performed in marine and freshwater populations of sticklebacks, as well as in marine sticklebacks placed into a freshwater environment and freshwater sticklebacks placed into seawater. We showed that the DNA methylation profile after placing a marine stickleback into fresh water partially converged to that of a freshwater stickleback. For six genes including ATP4A ion pump and NELL1, believed to be involved in skeletal ossification, we demonstrated similar changes in DNA methylation in both evolutionary and short-term adaptation. This suggested that an immediate epigenetic response to freshwater conditions can be maintained in freshwater population. Interestingly, we observed enhanced epigenetic plasticity in freshwater sticklebacks that may serve as a compensatory regulatory mechanism for the lack of genetic variation in the freshwater population. For the first time, we demonstrated that genes encoding ion channels KCND3, CACNA1FB, ATP4A were deferentially methylated between the marine and the freshwater populations. Other genes encoding ion channels were previously reported to be under selection in freshwater populations. Nevertheless, the genes that harbor genetic and epigenetic changes were not the same, suggesting that epigenetic adaptation is a complementary mechanism to selection of genetic variants favorable for freshwater environment.
Although they try to separate microevolution and macroevolution, the authors refute every aspect of neo-Darwinian pseudoscientific nonsense. They inadvertently link the quantized energy of sunlight to the creation of ATP, which links food energy-dependent biophysically constrained RNA-directed DNA methylation biosynthesis from RNA to cell type differentiation in all living genera via my series of blog posts here. See: Search Results for “rna directed DNA methylation”
Anna Di Cosmo’s group linked all invertebrates to all vertebrates via my model in Role of olfaction in Octopus vulgaris reproduction
From the concluding paragraph:
Future work on O. vulgaris olfaction must also consider how animals acquire the odours detected by the olfactory organ and what kind of odour the olfactory organ perceives. The OL acting as control centre may be target organ for metabolic hormones such as leptin like and insulin like peptides, and olfactory organ could exert regulatory action on the OL via epigenetic effects of nutrients and pheromones on gene expression (Kohl, 2013; Elekonich and Robinson, 2000).
RNA-directed DNA methylation links the nutrient-dependent pheromone-controlled weekend resurrection of the bacterial flagellum in P. fluorescens to all biodiversity on Earth via conserved molecular mechanisms of controlled cell type differentiation in all living genera. From a teleological perspective, supercoiled DNA protects all organized genomes from the virus-driven degradation of messenger RNA, which links virus-driven energy theft to all pathology in all living genera. See: Structural diversity of supercoiled DNA
See also: Engineering RGB color vision into Escherichia coli, which was reported as Bacterial Photography Goes Technicolor http://mobile.the-scientist.com/article/49481/bacterial-photography-goes-technicolor
The requirement for a light-activated endogenous substrate in all cell types has been known to serious scientists who have linked chromosomal inheritance to all biodiversity during the past century. The de novo creation of the endogenous substrate links the de novo creation of G protein-coupled receptors to all energy-dependent cell type differentiation via chemotaxis and phototaxis, which link the ability of microbes to find food to the creation of supercoiled DNA. The supercoiled DNA protects all living genera from the virus-driven degradation of messenger RNA, which is linked from mutations to all pathology.
Indeed, the success of optogenetics is based on the fact that femtosecond blasts of UV light were been linked to RNA-mediated DNA repair. The light activated DNA repair has been linked to the weekend resurrection of the bacterial flagellum in P. fluorescens. That fact refutes all claims about mutation-driven evolution.
Facts that refute mutation-driven evolution are a nightmare for theorists who failed to link sunlight to the life-sustaining energy that Richard Feynman and others placed into the context of food energy. Feynman used that fact as an example of how to “get” physicists who present themselves as know-it-alls. See the video clip, below.
See also: Advances in Non-Viral DNA Vectors for Gene Therapy
…synthetic messenger RNAs (mRNAs), which are delivered to the cell and translated in vivo, offer potential for expressing proteins. The nucleotides in these mRNA molecules must be modified to avoid immune detection through pattern recognition receptors…
…the so-called alpha chains of hemoglobin have identical sequences of amino acids in man and the chimpanzee, but they differ in a single amino acid (out of 141) in the gorilla (p. 127).”
Similarly, if all of life’s processes were not nutrient energy-dependent and pheromone-controlled, this research could not link pheromones to the control of antibiotic resistance, which is caused by virus-driven energy theft.
See:
It is likely that viral miRNAs help viruses enter the latent phase of their life cycle and become undetected by the host’s immune system, while increasing the host’s risk for cancer development.
Many human viruses of clinical importance including polyomaviruses, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, human papillomavirus, human immunodeficiency virus produce viral miRNAs (Louten et al., 2015). These specific viral miRNAs have likewise been explored as potential diagnostic platforms (Lagatie et al., 2014, Zhu et al., 2017, Takahashi et al., 2013, Kumar Gupta and Kumar, 2015, Dahiya and Atreya, 2014).
Scientific advisers to President Obama warn that the U.S. urgently needs a new biodefense strategy and should regularly brief President-elect Donald Trump on the dangers posed by new technologies like CRISPR, gene therapy, and synthetic DNA, which they say could be coöpted by terrorists.
The CRISPR Bioterror Threat links all current technology to refutations of every aspect of neo-Darwinian pseudoscientific nonsense and the pseudoscientific nonsense touted by “Big Bang” cosmologists. That fact has forced those who once led the scientific advances in technology to place them into a teleological perspective.
For example, I suspect that is what George Church and others are trying to do.
See: Human Genome Project 2: Synth meeting takes place in Boston16 May 16
Yes, the meeting was behind closed doors, but it’s not quite what you’d call a ‘secret meeting’. Word has it, that the organisers have a high impact publication in the works that they can’t talk about openly yet.
Harvard biologist George Church burst into the headlines (yet again) last week when he helped organize a closed-door meeting of scores of top scientists to discuss accelerating efforts to create synthetic DNA — including a complete human genome.
Begley reports that a meeting held last year was held last week. I think I can explain why placing her report into the context of George Church’s business practices is good business for people like her. For example, George Church already refuted every aspect of neo-Darwinian pseudoscientific nonsense when he and others filed the patent for ‘RNA-guided human genome engineering,’ which is an energy-dependent naturally occurring RNA-mediated process. It links natural selection for energy-dependent codon optimality to supercoiled DNA and every aspect of biodiversity.
That fact forces many of the world’s top experts to acknowledge that Darwin’s ‘conditions of life’ are nutrient energy-dependent and pheromone-controlled. That fact links quantum physics to quantum consciousness via claims made by Richard Feynman. For example, he claimed that theoretical physicists exemplify idiocy by using too many different terms for the measurement of “energy.”
The “…proof that physicists are human…” he claims, “… is the idiocy of all the different units which they use in measuring energy.”
The apparent corruption among evolutionists may simply be another example of what Richard Feynman placed into the context of idiocy. In any case, we will continue to see attempts to make it appear that neo-Darwinian theorists have not displayed that same level of idiocy.
They have failed to link ecological variation to energy-dependent ecological adaptation via the physiology of pheromone-controlled reproduction in all living genera. The report by Begley could be “spin-doctoring” at its finest, or it could simply be her mistake.
In either case, those who have been caught touting alternative facts about evolution must now try to make it appear that they have not done that during the past year. During the past year many academics and liberals have been fighting against the claims of corruption made by the Trump administration when the corruption obviously extends to academia.
The fact that reports from researchers in Russia and researchers in China consistently have linked what is known about energy-dependent changes in the microRNA/messenger RNA balance from ecological variation to ecological adaptation or to pathology is not well known to all researchers in the United States. That problem led to accusations that the Russians had hacked the election of our President.
Those accusations can now be placed into the context of Combating Evolution to Fight Disease and support for the State of Israel.
See: Israeli Middle Schools School to Include Theory of Evolution
…learning about evolution is not the primary function of the decision, but rather to use it as a building block for students to learn more about their ecology.
The 2015 Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology (SICB) presenters may not recognize how much progress has been made since the 2013 ecological epigenetics symposium. For example, since then authors claimed “…ctenophore neural systems, and possibly muscle specification, evolved independently from those in other animals.” http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature13400
Six months later, other authors traced signaling factors found in vertebrates to the origin of nerve cell centralization via the diffuse nerve net of animals like the sea anemone. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms6536 That fact suggests ecological variation is linked to ecological adaptations in morphological and behavioral phenotypes via signaling protein concentrations that differentiate various cell types in body axes and the central nervous system.
Links across species from the epigenetic landscape to the physical landscape of DNA in organized genomes appear to have their origins in the conserved molecular mechanisms of RNA-directed DNA methylation and RNA-mediated protein folding. Two weeks after the publication that refuted ideas about independently evolved neural systems or muscle specification — and perhaps refuted the independent evolution of anything else, SICB presenters linked crustaceans to insects.
Apparently, they’ve learned that the same set of microRNAs controls expression of the genes for rate-limiting enzymes that control the hormone production of different hormones in insects and crustaceans.
Why were they left with any questions about how crustaceans and insects could all be part of one big family? They linked RNA-mediated cell type differentiation to what we described in our section on molecular epigenetics in our 1996 Hormones and Behavior review. From Fertilization to Adult Sexual Behavior
I will add that the number of terms that could be reduced to link claims about energy to claims about cell type differentiation increasing. Attempts to avoid making claims that link energy-dependent changes in microRNAs from RNA-directed DNA methylation to amino acid substitutions and healthy longevity are prevented by researchers use these different terms for the same thing. MicroRNAs are contextualized as enhancers, promotors, quantitative trait loci, RNA-based switches. mobile elements, extra-coding RNAs, CRISPR effectors, Oncocers, oncomiRNA, regeneration enhancer elements, isomiRs, regulatory polymorphisms, c-fos enhancers, potential signatures of environmental exposure or effect, key triggers of neuronal cell fate, and many other terms for the same thing.
John Lieff has been trying to update his ridiculous misrepresentations of biologically-based cause and effect to match the accurate representations we made in a section on molecular epigenetics in our 1996 Hormones and Behavior review.
Virus-driven energy theft causes apoptosis, which releases cell contents for recycling in the context of autophagy, which helps to ensure food energy-dependent pheromone-controlled RNA-mediated DNA repair in species from microbes to humans.
A Polycomb-dependent poised chromatin organization underlies the positional plasticity of cranial premigratory NC cell progenitors. This chromatin prepattern is maintained through migration. In response to local cues encountered by the NC cells during or after their migration, the regulatory elements (E) and promoters (P) of differentially expressed genes switch from a poised to an active chromatin state, establishing transcriptional identities specific to subpopulations of NC cells.
The use of the term “chromatin prepattern” must be linked from endogenous RNA interference to all all biodiversity via transgenerational epigenetic inheritance. Watch closely as all pseudoscientists, atheists and other biologically uninformed theorists finally realize there is no such thing as mutation-driven evolution except in the context of virus-driven energy theft, apoptosis, and the evolution of pathology. Virus-driven energy theft causes degradation of messenger RNA in the absence of nutrient energy-dependent pheromone-controlled RNA-mediated amino acid substitutions and DNA repair.
Aberrant trait variance in miRNA mutant embryos uniquely sensitizes their vascular system to environmental perturbations. We discovered a previously unrecognized role for specific vertebrate miRNAs to protect tissue development against phenotypic variability.
All species, from zebrafish to humans, possess a genetically diverse collection of traits that allow them to adapt to changing environments. Yet scientists do not fully understand how organisms reach a state of optimal diversity—just enough variability to respond to environmental risks but not too much to function properly.
Natural selection for energy-dependent codon optimality is the link to optimal diversity. Conserved molecular mechanisms of nutrient-dependent pheromone-controlled biodiversity have been linked from quorum sensing in bacteria to all cell type differentiation in all individuals of all species.
See: Feedback loops link odor and pheromone signaling with reproduction
These studies reveal a complex interplay between reproduction and other functions in which GnRH neurons appear to integrate information from multiple sources and modulate a variety of brain functions.
…this system enables us to understand the adaptive process in detail at the genetic and phenotypic level [over the weekend]. We identified a tractable model for gene network evolution and observed, in real time, the rewiring of gene networks to enable the incorporation of a modified component (NtrC′) creating a novel regulatory function by a highly repeatable two-step evolutionary pathway with the same point mutations often recurring in independent lineages.
They failed to differentiate between the term mutation and what occurs in the context of energy-dependent pheromone-controlled changes in the microRNA/messenger RNA balance via fixation of RNA-mediated amino acid substitutions in supercoiled DNA.
See: Structural diversity of supercoiled DNA
Six decades after the elucidation of its double helical structure, DNA continues to surprise us by revealing new information. Our cryo-ET, biochemical, and computational studies show the astounding versatility and dynamism of DNA depending on the degree of supercoiling. DNA simultaneously exists in a largely inactive B-form with bases tucked in and protected and an active, highly varied structure with exposed bases. Our data provide relative comparisons of supercoiling-dependent twisted, writhed, curved, and kinked conformations and associated base exposure. Each of these structural features may be differentially recognized by the proteins, nucleic acids, and small molecules that modulate DNA metabolic processes.
…10 candidate genes of H. armigera were selected and analyzed for their expression stability under different biotic and abiotic conditions…. miR-9 and U6 snRNA for developmental stages, miR-100 and U6 snRNA for larval tissues, miR-100 and miR-305 for adult tissues, miR-9 and miR-279 for parasitic treatment, miR-998 and U6 snRNA for nuclear polyhedrosis virus infection, miR-9 and U6 snRNA for insecticide treatment, miR-92a, miR-100, and miR-279 for temperature treatment, miR-92a, miR-305, and miR-998 for starvation treatment, miR-9 and miR-279 for light treatment, miR-305 and miR-998 for hormone treatment, and there was not one reference gene suitable for all samples.
The synthesis of RNA in isolated thymus nuclei is ATP dependent.
Taken together, these works are linked to energy-dependent Normalization of MicroRNA Expression. The anti-entropic virucidal energy of sunlight is the obvious link from the de novo creation of microRNAs to the ATP-dependent biosynthesis of messenger RNA and healthy longevity. Virus-driven energy theft clearly links the degradation of messenger RNA, which would otherwise link the creation of microRNAs from sunlight to the nutrient energy-dependent pheromone-controlled biosynthesis of ATP and all cell type differentiation in all living genera.
To our knowledge, this is the first time that these two 3’UTR SNPs have been associated with sun-sensitivity traits. We state the potential implication of these SNPs in human pigmentation and sensitivity to sunlight, possibly as a result of changes in the level of gene expression through the disruption of putative miRNA-binding sites.
…precursors of amino acids glycine, serine, alanine and threonine, are inevitable by-products of this RNA assembly chemistry…
Like all chemistry, this can be placed into the context of how quantum physics must be linked from quantum chemistry to quantum biology via food as energy.
The link from food enery to the nutrient-dependent pheromone-controlled physiology of reproduction and racial differences in colon cancer was predicted based on difference in diet and links from the National Microbiome Initiative to the Precision Medicine Initiative.
SONNY [NEW]: As we’ve discussed many times, I reject your criteria for judging the merits of a scientific observation.Arguing that something is “much ado about nothing,” if “the results can’t be predicted by common sense or by simple observation and deductive reasoning,” is exceptionally poor reasoning.Frankly, I’m bewildered that someone like you would cling to it.I’ll repeat:any judgment that includes an evaluation based on “common sense” is DOA.It’s useless.Whose “common sense” do you intend to use?
More importantly, the authors DID establish a pre-observation “prediction.”
They predicted that young children will show the same variation in temperament as adults, and which is associated with the various BDNFval/66met polymorphisms.They wrote, “To the best of our knowledge, there are no studies investigating the role of BDNFval66met with regard to individual differences in temperament during infancy, a period in which genetically-based behavioral traits are hypothesized to be more easily observed (Posner & Rothbart, 2009; Rothbart et al., 2000). Hence, the purpose of the current study was to explore the association between the BDNFval66met polymorphism and individual differences in temperament in a sample of healthy 4-month-old full-term infants.”
Moreover, the authors did a far better job than you did in discussing limitations.
They wrote as follows: “The current study had some limitations. First of all, due to sample size findings cannot be generalized and future studies with larger samples are needed in order to differentiate the impact of met-homozygous and heterozygous profiles of BDNFval66met genotype. Second, infants’ temperament was measured through a parent-reported measure. A more direct account of the effects of BDNF met allele on observed temperament and regulatory behavior is warranted to be investigated in future research. Finally, single polymorphism studies are at risk of underrepresenting the role of environmental conditions, including maternal caregiving behavior. As the quality of early caregiving has been found to regulate BDNF transcriptional functioning (Unternaehrer et al., 2015), we suggest that upcoming studies should target gene x environment interactions using genetic and epigenetic approaches.
To the best of our knowledge, this study is unique in providing evidence of an association between the BDNFval66met polymorphism and infants’ temperament at 4 months of life. The present study adds to previous genetic association research on temperament in infants looking at other polymorphisms (Auerbach et al., 2001; Ivorra et al., 2011), preliminarily suggesting a further genetic factor involved in temperament. Future research is warranted to investigate the BDNF-temperament association in greater populations of infants at low- and high-risk (e.g., preterm infants) and assuming a gene-x-gene and gene-x-environment approach (Papageorgiou & Ronald, 2013).”
Sonny Williams and Jay R. Feierman are antagonists who ignore the facts that link our predictions to all energy-dependent biophysically constrained biodiversity from our 1996 Hormones and Behavior. Our predictions were based on Bruce McEwen’s advice to start with the activation of genes. That is why we included a section on molecular epigenetics.
All predictions have since been linked from the anti-entropic virucidal energy of sunlight to biophysically constrained RNA-mediated biodiversity by changes in base pairs linked from amino acid substitutions to differences in morphological and behavioral phenotypes during the development of moths and humans. The epigenetic effects of sunlight were predicted in the context of the nutrient energy-dependent de novo creation of microRNAs.
Anything ever linked to the gene-centric theories of neo-Darwinists has been replaced by what is known about energy-dependent endogenous RNA interference and all biophysically constrained biologically-based biodiversity on Earth. For example, pheromones biophysically constrain the physiology of reproduction in all living genera. They protect against virus-driven entropy by linking what organisms eat to the species-specific pheromone-controlled transgenerational epigenetic inheritance of species from microbes to humans.
See also: Epigenetic regulation of face formation
See also: Explaining the accelerating expansion of the universe without dark energy
See also: A distinct role for Lgr5+ stem cells in primary and metastatic colon cancer Reported by Genentech as: Cancer stem cells have long been thought to influence tumor growth, but a clear link has been difficult to show. Now, in a new study in Nature, our scientists show for the first time that removing cancer stem cells in a model of colorectal cancer can indeed reduce tumor growth. See how these findings could help guide new therapies aimed at targeting cancer stem cells.
What took them so long to link virus-driven energy theft from messenger RNA degradation to the negative supercoiling of DNA via G protein-coupled receptors? Feedback loops link odor and pheromone signaling with reproduction
At least 10,000 neurons in 26 different brain areas appear to transmit signals directly to GnRH neurons. GnRH neurons appear to transmit signals to as many as 30,000 or more neurons in 34 brain areas, consistent with previous studies showing GnRH+ fibers and GnRH receptors in multiple brain regions. These results may reflect a strategy wherein GnRH neurons can modify diverse functions in order to coordinate the internal state of the animal and its behavior with reproduction in order to optimize reproductive success.
“James, I appreciate your responding to my posts but I would prefer that your input would be related to the content of the post.”
My reply:If you do not want people to learn how my claims are linked to yours, please tell me that you intend to continue with apologetics rather the concept of energy as information.
… the religious discipline of defending or proving the truth of religious doctrines through systematic argumentation and discourse.[1][2][3] Early Christian writers (c. 120–220) who defended their beliefs against critics and recommended their faith to outsiders were called Christian apologists.[4] In 21st century usage, ‘apologetics’ is often identified with debates over religion and theology.
In the context of debates over religion and theology, Sal Giardina opened discussion of physics, chemistry, and the conserved molecular epigenetics of RNA-mediated cell type differentiation. Secular humanists are scared by the ghosts of their biologically uninformed past and their ongoing ignorance. Fortunately for them, Sal Giardina and others like him cannot prove anything via the use of apologetics. So far as I know, the apologeticists have never convinced anyone to believe in any of their claims. See for example:What does DNA have to do with the Origin of Life ?
Unfortunately, you must join this “false flag” group go find this post: https://www.facebook.com/groups/231023426993207/permalink/1119981528097388/?comment_id=1120290524733155&reply_comment_id=1120913471337527¬if_t=group_comment¬if_id=1477870268849582 I’ve been banned from the group twice, but just submitted a request to re-join. My comments: Secular humanists seem willing to believe that the origin of life could somehow lead to consciousness as a side effect. See for example:Consciousness could be a side effect of ‘entropy’, say researchers My comment: Serious scientists do not make such ridiculous claims. These researchers are theorists who tout meaningless pseudoscientific nonsense. Their ridiculous claims makes news when biologically uninformed journalists, like Fiona Macdonald pass the unsupported claims on to others who do not know that the theorists are touting meaningless pseudoscientific nonsense. See also: Virus evolution and this special issue on Orgasms: Introductory editorial to ‘Orgasm: Neurophysiological, Psychological, and Evolutionary Perspectives’ My comment: Who are the people trying to convince others that virus evolution links prairie vole monogamy to the evolution of human love via organsm? One of them is James Pfaus. Excerpt:
In ‘The Role of Orgasm in the Development and Shaping of Partner Preferences’, Coria-Avila, Herrera-Covarrubias, Ismail, and Pfaus (2016) explore the relationship between orgasm and sexual preference-formation in animals. Of particular significance with respect to human orgasm, Coria-Avila et al. describe the pre- and post-ejaculatory factors contributing to male rats forming conditioned sexual preferences.
See this article by Rachel Feltman, who placed the ridiculous claims of Pfaus before my detailed model of nutrient-dependent pheromone-controlled biologically-based cause and effect. What Do We Actually Know About Pheromones? Excerpt:
But Kohl’s products, which he likens to food spices (“They give you an extra kick!”), make some researchers roll their eyes. Dr. Jim Pfaus, professor of psychology at Concordia University in Montreal, is one of them.
…no study has yet shown an effect of manipulating the expression of a particular microRNA on a behavioral or brain sex difference. In other words, we are still awaiting the demonstration that microRNAs contribute to sexual differentiation of the brain.
Olfaction is important to humans as well, but visual stimuli are far more potent and the arousal potential of same-sex versus opposite-sex images depends on the partner preference of the observer (see for review Baum, 2006).
Michael Baum and others still make ridiculous claims about visual input compared to the epigenetic effect of food odors and pheromones on energy-dependent microRNA-mediated cell type differentiation in species from microbes to humans. That fact supports my claim that people like him are biologically uninformed.
Pioneering experiments by Allfrey and Mirsky >50 years ago identified methylation and acetylation of histones by isotope incorporation and showed that histone modification can influence whether RNA synthesis of genes is switched on or off [3].
The synthesis of RNA in isolated thymus nuclei is ATP dependent.
If you knew nothing about the energy-dependent de novo creation of nucleic acid precursors, you still could start from the energy-dependent creation of RNA and link RNA-directed DNA methylation to all biophysically constrained biologically-based cause and effect in all living genera to their physiology of pheromone-controlled reproduction in the context of learning and memory at the cellular level of intracellular and extracellular communications.
My comment: Femtosecond blasts of UV light link the sun’s virucidal energy to RNA-mediated DNA repair in all living genera. People who do not know that should simply admit that they biologically uninformed. Most of them are theorists who know nothing about anything that must be linked from angstroms to ecosystems. They should not antagonize those who are biologically informed serious scientists. Serious scientists publish experimental evidence in reports such as this one.
The sequences have been selected according special charge distributions and lifetimes of excimer states previously characterized by femtosecond infrared spectroscopy.(3a, 3c, 3d) With these selected sequences we demonstrate that repair occurs when the intrastrand charge transfer leads to a suitably charged nucleotide adjacent to the lesion.
My comment: The sequences cannot be selected outside the context of natural selection for energy-dependent codon optimality, which is the basis for the control of hydrogen-atom transfer in DNA base pairs in solution. Control is manifested in the measurement of pH.
Coulombic interactions between the histidine residues modulate protonation and subsequent conformational transitions required for peptide mediated gene transfer activity and are an important factor to consider in future peptide design.
My comment: Coulomb barrier:TheCoulombrepulsionwhichtends to keeppositivelychargedbombardingparticlesout of thenucleus. Specifically,theCoulombpotentialassociatedwiththisforce.
Energy-dependent Coulombic interactions link autophagy to polycombic ecological adaptations for comparison to what happens when virus-driven energy theft is linked to the hecatombic evolution of all pathology.
See for comparison:Jonas Edward Salk (October 28, 1914 – June 23, 1995) was an American medical researcher and virologist. He discovered and developed one of the first successful polio vaccines.
My comment: The fact that Jonas Edward Salk died in the same year that information about Coulombic interactions was published exemplifies the fact that we still need people like Salk to lead the way towards more scientific progress.
Is everyone who could do that already dead? Have people like Sal Giardina and other apologeticists replaced them. Will any of the works from the early 1990s to 1964 be resurrected before all of humanity is irreversibly impacted?
The notion has gained some currency that the only worthwhile biology is molecular biology. All else is “bird watching” or “butterfly collecting.” Bird watching and butterfly collecting are occupations manifestly unworthy of serious scientists! I have heard a man whose official title happens to be Professor of Zoology declare to an assembly of his colleagues that “a good man cannot teach zoology. A good man can teach, of course, only molecular biology.
Such pronunciamentos can be dismissed as merely ridiculous. They are, however, caricatures of opinions entertained by some intelligent and reasonable people, whose views deserve an honest and careful consideration and analysis. Science must cope with new problems that arise and devise new approaches to old problems. Some lines of research become less profitable and less exciting and others more so.
Links from the creation of nucleic acid precursors to entropy and mutation-driven evolution are still being addressed by apologeticists who know nothing about physics, chemistry, or molecular epigenetics. See also: Biblical Creation / Entropy See for comparison: What is life when it is not protected from virus driven entropy (6 minutes)
I think most people can understand the concept of Creation by God of all biophysically constrained life on Earth. If not, they should be told about the examples, since all examples show that all organisms must eat or die. If they die, they do not reproduce, which means they never became an extant species. Instead, the individuals and/or species became part of the fossil record or they became nothing recognizable to serious scientists as anything more than dirt. See also:godordirt.org See also:Virus Documentary | Discovering & Understanding Viruses || How Viruses Work ? (60 minutes)
My comment: According to the book, our innate immune system emerged and evolved to become the source of all pathology. If the innate immune system is referred to as our “immune system” the word innate changes to evolved, and mutations are linked to evolution in the context of ridiculous neo-Darwinian theories. That is how emerging viruses are automagically linked to all healthy longevity via polycombic ecocological adaptation and to all pathology via hecatombic evolution.
We have come full circle back to the definitions that are used and discussed in Polycombic ecological adaptation as a science, not a theory (2): See also:The Human Virome
Mutation… includes nucleotide substitution, insertion/deletion, segmental gene duplication, genomic duplication, changes in gene regulatory systems, transposition of genes, horizontal gene transfer, etc.
My comment: The definition above links mutations to any change in any genome. It does not link virus-driven energy theft toi mutations and all pathology.
Single nucleotide substitutions or indels [insertions/deletions] can lead to several hemoglobin variants owing to amino acid replacements, while molecular defects [mutations] in either regulatory or coding regions of the human HBA2, HBA1, HBB or HBD genes can minimally or drastically reduce their expression, leading to α-, β- or δ-thalassemia, respectively.
My comment: The facts about nutrient energy-dependent single nucleotide substitutions and RNA-mediated amino acid substitutions link hemoglobin variants to healthy longevity and the facts link molecular defects to the pathology of α-, β- or δ-thalassemia, respectively.
If we wanted to compare the diversity of two forests, we would want to look at climate, elevation, drainage, available nutrients, proximity to human disturbance, soils, etc. Diversity can be impacted by a slew of factors. While this is a fun and rather ridiculous example of how species counts and diversity works, the leap to how this can inform ecology, management, and conservation is clear.
My comment: The fact that nothing known about virus-driven energy theft is included in their comparisons makes the most important of all comparisons irrelevant to their claims about how climate, elevation, drainage, available nutrients, proximity to human disturbance, soils, etc. link ecological variation to polycombic ecological adaptation via the physiology of reproduction in all living genera. See for comparison:An NS-segment exonic splicing enhancer regulates influenza A virus replication in mammalian cells
G540A supports virus replication in mammalian cells while retaining replication ability in avian cells. Host splicing regulator, SF2, interacts with this ESE to regulate splicing of NEP/NS1 mRNA and G540A substitution affects SF2–ESE interaction. The NS1 protein directly interacts with SF2 in the nucleus and modulates splicing of NS mRNAs during virus replication.
Reported as:Single nucleotide change responsible for allowing H7N9 flu to jump from birds to humans found
The identification of the G540A links the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) from a biomarker in fowl infected with a flu variant to what was reported as mutation.
Researchers assumed that “…the mutation played a role in allowing the virus to spread between humans once it made the leap from an avian source.”
As usual, they found no evidence to support that ridiculous claim. That ridiculous claim is among many others that theorists thought could be used to link mutations to evolution via mathematical models instead of facts about nutrient energy-dependent pheromone-controlled biophysically constrained RNA-mediated cell type differentiation.
See also:Theistic evolutionists fight back and lose Excerpt: Predictably, Paul Allen will be the next to start funding works that might help to prevent the viral apocalypse, now that Bill Gates is mentally prepared to do so.
One particular protein, Pex11b, caught her attention. It is associated with the membrane that surrounds the peroxisome, an organelle that helps to free energy from food.
“While some evidence already suggested the distribution of organelles, including energy-producing mitochondria, can influence the outcome of cell division, we have shown for the first time that this phenomenon is essential to the proper behavior of stem cells and formation of the tissue,” says Fuchs, who is also a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator.
This unexpected influence of food energy on endogenous RNA interference and cell type differentiation in skin cells from mice was first reported one month ago. However, the influence of food on the survival of all species is known to all serious scientists.
For example, see Schrodinger (1944). He linked the anti-entropic energy of sunlight from all energy-dependent biophysically constrained viral latency to healthy longevity before Roger Penrose (1991) mentioned this in his forward to the reprint edition:
How often do we still hear that quantum effects can have little relevance in the study of biology, or even that we eat food in order to gain energy?
In 1991, Penrose reduced the systems complexity of biophysically constrained top-down energy-dependent viral latency to the question of where the energy in a hydrogen atom comes from.comes from. Schrodinger suggested it came from sunlight in an attempt to stop the pseudoscientific nonsense about mutations that was touted after de Vries defined “mutation” in 1902. So far, no experimental evidence of biologically-based cause and effect has limited the claims about mutations and evolution that are made by biologically uninformed theorists.
See for comparison:
A mystery concerning the structure of protons is a step closer to being solved, thanks to a seven-year experiment led by researchers at MIT. Credit: Christine Daniloff/MIT
The resulting values of R2γ, presented here for a wide range of virtual photon polarization 0.456<ε<0.978, are smaller than some hadronic two-photon exchange calculations predict, but are in reasonable agreement with a subtracted dispersion model and a phenomenological fit to the form factor data.
The phenomenological fit links the claims of Schrodinger and concerns of Penrose to this report on the Lepton-Proton Scattering. The title includes the joke about the link from sunlight to evolution that Dobzansky (1973) reported as: Nothing in Biology Makes Any Sense Except in the Light of Evolution. Dobzhansky’s clever creationist attack on neo-Darwinian theorists, who failed to link the creation of the sun to all biologically-based cause and effect went virtually unnoticed despite his claim:
I am a creationist and an evolutionist. Evolution is God’s, or Nature’s, method of Creation.
No experimental evidence of biologically-based cause and effect links Dobzhansky’s claims about amino acid substitutions to evolution. For contrast, all claims made by other serious scientists link sunlight to energy-dependent changes in angstroms to ecosystems in all living genera.
The two-photon contribution to the structure of protons and the biophysically constrained functional structure of supercoiled DNA was reported as:
…experiments had previously led researchers to assume that the electric and magnetic charge distributions are the same, and that one photon—an elementary particle of light—is exchanged when the protons interact with the bombarding electrons.
…two photons are indeed exchanged during electron-proton interactions.
However, unlike the theoretical predictions, analysis of the OLYMPUS measurements suggests that, most of the time, only one of the photons has high energy, while the other must carry very little energy indeed…
Please place the feedback loops into the context of how PCR applications are linked to what is known about cell type differentiation via virus-driven degradation of messenger RNA (mRNA), or linked by nutrient energy-dependent endogenous RNA interference to healthy longevity.
1) “Another possible application: looking for an RNA target, either viral or an endogenous mRNA.”
2) “…the IC [internal control] should be RNA to reflect the desired sample type.”
3) Conclusion: An understanding of the overall method workflow and some of the possible causes of false positive or negative results is thus beneficial in appropriately interpreting test results in the full clinical context.The light energy as information-induced de novo creation of RNA, protein, and lipid precursors links the common origin of amino acids to cell type differentiation in all living genera via endogenous RNA interference and the physiology of reproduction, which links supercoiled DNA to chromosomal inheritance.
See: Common origins of RNA, protein and lipid precursors in a cyanosulfidic protometabolism
John Brunstein indirectly suggests that supercoiled DNA prevents mutation-driven evolution. Unless the mutations can be linked from amino acid substitutions to pathology, he also seems to also be suggesting that neo-Darwinian theories are sources of errors. Researchers are virtually guaranteed to fail, if they start with theories and try to link the possible causes of energy-dependent false positive or negative results from the National Microbiome Initiative cell type differentiation in the context of the Precision Medicine Initiative.
I hope that someone like John Brunstein will comment on facts about the degradation of messenger RNA (mRNA). For example, virus-driven energy theft appears to link mRNA degradation to all pathology. If he does not agree, I hope he knows of an alternative model that links energy-dependent RNA-mediated amino acid substitutions to all healthy longevity and something else to all pathology.
In any case, I believe it is past time to eliminate neo-Darwinian theories, which link beneficial mutations to the stability of organized genomes in all living genera, but link amino acid substitutions to the stability of viruses.
See: Substitutions Near the Receptor Binding Site Determine Major Antigenic Change During Influenza Virus Evolution
The major antigenic changes of the influenza virus are primarily caused by a single amino acid near the receptor binding site.
Watch Jason Silva tell you about the importance of fire in an attempt to link the pseudoscientific nonsense touted by theorists to survival of all species except those that do not need to eat. Those species must have emerged and automagically evolved to become people like Jason Silva who can tell others how that happened, but won’t.
He can tell others about the importance of fire. Watch as everyone else in the world starts to link energy-dependent endogenous RNA interference to biophysically constrained gene activation and link virus-driven energy theft to all pathology during the cell type differentiation of all species from microbes to humans.
Lexogen provides a fully integrated service-workflow for generation of QuantSeq 3’ mRNA-Seq libraries, multiplexed sequencing, and data analysis. QuantSeq libraries are produced from total RNA to yield Illumina-compatible sequences close to the 3’ end of polyadenylated RNA.
Then wait for someone to tell you more about the importance of fire.
See also this video representation of the link from sunlight to biodiversity in marine life.
Alternatively, place everything known about energy-dependent RNA-mediated cell type differentiation back into the context of “Nature.”
See: Nature Fights Back Against Gene Editing Then, stop calling it “Nature” and learn what serious scientists already know about the energy-dependent links from angstroms to ecosystems in all living genera. If not, now that the Allen Institute has linked food energy as information to brain development, you will be asked to tell others how “Nature” created everything from subatomic particles to the hydrogen-atom energy. Then, the next question will be about how the energy is transferred in DNA base pairs in solution to allow natural selection for energy-dependent codon optimality and the physiology of reproduction in all living genera.
See also: The Persistent Contributions of RNA to Eukaryotic Gen(om)e Architecture and Cellular Function
See also: A Revised Tree of Life
See also: A Chat with Leeuwenhoek Medalist Jeffery Errington
Suzan Mazur: Do viruses play a role in regulating L-form bacteria?
Jeffery Errington: That’s a good question. Of course, much of the research on bacteriophages has shown that they tend to bind to components of the cell wall, so certainly you’d anticipate that L-forms would be resistant to many forms of virus. But I don’t know if much work has been done on this.
Anyone who does not know how much experimental evidence links food energy to all biodiversity via the pheromone-controlled physiology of reproduction is not likely to know enough about anything that could be linked from bacteriophages to all pathology via the degradation of messenger RNA.
